In the matter between:

and

JUDGMENT

[1] The appellant was convicted in the Regional Court at Strand on a charge of rape and he was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment. With the leave of the trial Court, he appeals to this Court both against his conviction and sentence.

[2] At the commencement of the trial appellant's attorney furnished a plea explanation. It was to the following effect:
"En op die klagte van die verkragting sal oris toestemming pleit Agbare. Ons gaan vra vir die Staat om al die feite te bewys".

The fact that sexual intercourse had taken place as alleged by the State was not in issue. That much is apparent from the plea explanation and also appellant's later testimony. The factual dispute was with regard to whether the sex had taken place consensually.

[3] In the circumstances, the debate with regard to identity is spurious. Whether the complainant only saw his shoes is largely irrelevant. Moreover, the appellant is the complainant's brother-in-law, he is married to her sister, and they appear to have been in regular contact. The prospects of an incorrect identification are, in any event, unlikefy.

[4] Appellants defence of consent is equally unconvincing. The complainant's version is to some extent corroborated by the medical evidence. Then there ts the appellant's version that the sexual act was actually witnessed by two other persons who threatened to expose him but later laughed about the incident. Appellant, without any explanation, failed to call these individuals to confirm his version. Furthermore, the appellant's explanation with regard to when the sex had occurred is also open to considerable doubt.

[6] The sentence appears to be harsh, especially in the light of the appellant's personal circumstances and the harm this incident could possibly cause to the family relations amongst the parties. That may not be a proper basis for us to interfere with the sentence imposed by the magistrate.

[7] The more important misdirection relates to the minimum sentence provisions applicable in such cases. The appellant has a previous conviction for rape. This factor resulted in the sentence of 15 years' imprisonment. Had it not been for the earlier conviction the magistrate probably would have imposed a lesser sentence In my view, the magistrate lost sight of two compelling and substantial factors which have a bearing upon that sentence. The earlier offence was committed almost 20 years ago. Although the appellant has aEso committed other offences since then, he has not until now been convicted of any sexual offence. Secondly, the appellant was very young, in fact a teenager, when the earlier offence was committed.

[8] Rape, as the magistrate has correctly pointed out, is a very serious offence, it involves an attack upon the person and dignity of a woman and severe penalties would, in most circumstances, be entirely appropriate. While we are accordingly at liberty to reconsider the sentence for the reasons I have already furnished, a long term of imprisonment is unavoidable.

[9] In the result the appellant's conviction is confirmed.   His sentence is set aside and substituted with the following: 
"10 years' imprisonment".